Planets - Calculate Masses

Calculator for the approximate masses of Sun, Moon, Earth and the planets in kilograms and compared to each other. Kilograms is the SI-unit for mass, for celestial bodies this is, of course, a bit small and so leads to huge numbers. One yottagram (Yg, 10²⁴ grams, one septillion grams), equals one exaton (Et, 10¹⁸ tons, one quintillion tons) is more appropriate to display those masses. The common comparative value for terrestrial planets is Earth mass, for gas giants, it is Jupiter mass and for stars, it is solar mass.

Round to decimal places.

Please enter one value, the other values will be calculated.

Very large and very small numbers will be displayed in e-notation, e.g. 2e+9 for 2*10⁹ and 2e-9 for 2*10^-9. If a value is shown as 0 (e.g. mass of the Moon in solar masses), then a higher number of decimal places is required.

Colloquially, the mass is also called weight, which for celestial bodies is plain wrong.

Example: Jupiter has more than 300 times Earth's mass, but less than one thousandth mass of the Sun.

There is no real lower limit to the mass of moons. Very large moons can reach the mass of planets. Planets have a mass of at least 9 * 10²⁰ kilograms, which is 0.00015 times the mass of Earth. This mass is necessary for the celestial body to be round due to its own weight. The dwarf planet Ceres, with a diameter of about 900 kilometers, has roughly this mass. The upper mass limit for planets is about 13 Jupiter masses, corresponding to over 4000 Earth masses. Above this, the first nuclear fusion processes begin, particularly deuterium to helium, and the celestial body is a brown dwarf. From about 75 Jupiter masses or 0.07 solar masses, it becomes a true star, since the mass and thus the inward-directed gravitational force in the star's interior is now sufficient to fuse hydrogen to helium.

Kilograms:
Yottagrams:
Masses
Moon:
Mercury:
Venus:
Earth:
Mars:
Jupiter:
Saturn:
Uranus:
Neptune:
Pluto:
Sun: