Planets - Calculate Density

Calculator for the average densities of Sun, Moon, Earth and the planets in conventional units and compared to each other. The average densities of celestial bodies are relatively close to each other, with rocky planets like Mars usually having a significantly higher density than gas planets like Saturn. Within an object, the density increases sharply from the outside to the inside, especially in the case of the Sun and gas planets like Jupiter. This density distribution plays no role here. Earth is the largest rocky planet in the solar system and therefore has the highest average density.

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Please enter one value, the other values will be calculated.

Examples: Neptune has almost the density of Pluto, which is astounding, because Neptune is a gas giant and Pluto is solid. Earth has eight times the density of Saturn.

The factors that determine a planet's density are its mass and, in particular, its composition. The greater the mass, the greater the gravitational force holding it together, and thus the pressure that compresses the material. However, solids and liquids are poorly compressible. But at high pressure, gaps in the rock are closed, which is increasing the density. Earth's core, which is probably composed largely of iron and nickel, has a density of about 11 grams per cubic centimeter, only slightly higher than the density of iron (7.9) and nickel (8.9) under normal conditions. And this is at a pressure of over three million times higher. Therefore, composition is more important, with larger planets often containing more heavy elements than smaller ones. Gas planets have a solid core the size of a rocky planet, but their large mass allows them to maintain an enormous atmosphere, which consists largely of the lightest and most abundant elements in the universe: hydrogen and helium. These lower the average density, but not as much as one might think, since these gases compress easily under pressure and therefore have a significantly higher density in these planets than under normal conditions. The density of the hull increases exponentially when going deeper and is difficult to average because the boundary between hull and core is not precisely defined.
In a star, additionally, the density also depends strongly on the stage of its life.

Gram per cubic centimeter :
Kilogram per cubic meter:
Density
Moon:
Mercury:
Venus:
Earth:
Mars:
Jupiter:
Saturn:
Uranus:
Neptune:
Pluto:
Sun: