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Planets - Calculate Circular Velocity

Calculator for the circular velocity or first cosmic velocity of objects like satellites around Earth, Moon, Sun and planets. The circular velocity is the speed an object must have to fly around a celestial body in a low, circular orbit. If the speed is lower, the object falls down, if it is higher, the orbit will become elliptical, until it reaches the second cosmic velocity, the escape velocity. The cosmic velocities depend on mass and diameter of the celestial body, things like air friction are not taken into account. For higher orbits, the velocity gets lower.

Kilometers per hour:
Meters per second:
Miles per hour:

Circular Velocity
Moon:
Mercury:
Venus:
Earth:
Mars:
Jupiter:
Saturn:
Uranus:
Neptune:
Pluto:
Sun:



Round to    decimal places.

Please enter one value, the other values will be calculated.

Example: the International Space Station ISS has a velocity of approximately 27600 km/h. This value is slightly lower than the circular velocity of Earth, because ISS has a height of about 400 kilometers.

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German: Planeten-Rechner



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