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Energy to Heat Calculator

Calculate the energy needed to warm something up, or the energy emitted when something is cooling. Heat is thermal energy. The conversion from temperature to energy is made via amount and heat capacity of a substance. Heating and cooling can be used as short term energy storage.
The preset heat capacity is that of water. The mass is in kilograms, the temperature difference is in degrees Celsius or Kelvin, in that case this is the same. As efficiency factor, 50 percent is preset, this is an arbitrary value. Depending on the method, the efficiency factor can differ strongly.

Energy to Heat

It will be calculated, which temperatute a substance with a certain mass will get warmer, if thermal energy is added.
The formula is Δϑ = Q * η / ( c * m )

Induced thermal energy Q:
Efficiency factor η: %
Specific heat capacity c: J/(kg*K)
Mass m: kg
Temperature difference Δϑ: °C, K

Round to    decimal places.



Example: if you add 10 kilojoules of energy to 500 grams of water, i.e. half a kilogram or liter, and this is done at the specified efficiency of 50 percent, then this water will heat up by just under 2.4 degrees Celsius, equivalent to just under 2.4 Kelvin.

Heat to Energy

It will be calculated, which thermal energy is set free, if a substance with a with a certain mass cools down.
The formula is Q = c * m * Δϑ * η

Temperature difference Δϑ: °C, K
Efficiency factor η: %
Specific heat capacity c: J/(kg*K)
Mass m: kg
Emitted thermal energy Q:

Round to    decimal places.



Example: if two kilograms or two liters of water are cooled by ten degrees, then with an efficiency of 50 percent, slightly less than 42 kilojoules of thermal energy are removed from them.

Thermal energy is the form of energy with the highest entropy, i.e. the one with the highest degree of disorder. According to the second law of thermodynamics, heat flows from warm to cold, so warm things cool down and thereby heat their surroundings. There are tricks to apparently reverse this process, as a refrigerator or a heat pump does, for example, but this requires energy, which in turn increases the entropy.


Last updated on 06/27/2025.

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