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Calculator for the CO₂ equivalent of various greenhouse gases

Conversion of the global warming potential of carbon dioxide and various other gases. Carbon dioxide, or CO₂, is the most important and well-known greenhouse gas, but not the only one. Other gases also contribute to global warming to varying degrees. The measure used to compare these gases is the CO₂ equivalent, also called the global warming potential or GWP value. This compares the impact of the same quantity of different gases over 100 years to that of carbon dioxide and assigns them a ratio. This is a simplification, but it is useful for many calculations related to global warming and provides good predictions for climate models. Of these gases, CO₂ does not have a particularly high value, but it is the most abundant and therefore has the greatest impact.
This is a simplification, because the gases remain in the atmosphere for different lengths of time. Methane, for example, the second most important greenhouse gas after CO₂, is chemically much more reactive and breaks down much faster. Over the 100-year period covered by the calculation, its effect is very strong during the first few years and gradually weakens towards the end as it becomes less. Avoiding methane emissions would likely be the fastest and most effective measure to mitigate climate change.

Amount:	gramskilogramstons
Greenhouse gas:	Butane Isobutane Propane Carbon dioxide Hydrogen Methane (biogenic) Methane (fossil) Nitrous oxide Difluoromethane Tetrafluoroethane Chlorodifluoromethane R410A R404A Trichlorofluoromethane Nitrogen trifluoride Sulfur hexafluoride
CO2 equivalent:	gramskilogramstons

Please enter the quantity and select the substance. The units for the measurements can be adjusted.

Greenhouse Gas	Chem. Formula	CO2-eq.	Lifetime (a)	Primary Sources
Butane	C4H10	0.006	< 0.02	Refrigerants, fuel gas
Isobutane	C4H10	0.01	< 0.02	Refrigerants, propellants
Propane	C3H8	0.02	0.03	Refrigerants, fuel gas
Carbon dioxide	CO2	1	300-1000	Fossil fuel combustion
Hydrogen	H2	11	2.5	Industry, transport leakages
Methane (biogenic)	CH4	27.0	11.8	Livestock, rice cultivation
Methane (fossil)	CH4	29.8	11.8	Natural gas extraction, mining
Nitrous oxide	N2O	273	109	Agriculture, fertilization
Difluoromethane	CH2F2	675	5.4	Refrigerant (R32)
Tetrafluoroethane	C2H2F4	1530	14	Refrigerant (R134a)
Chlorodifluoromethane	CHClF2	1960	12	Refrigerant (R22)
R410A	Mixture	2252	17	Refrigerants (Air conditioning)
R404A	Mixture	3922	40	Commercial refrigeration
Trichlorofluoromethane	CCl3F	6226	52	Legacy refrigerants, blowing agents
Nitrogen trifluoride	NF3	17400	569	Semiconductor manufacturing
Sulfur hexafluoride	SF6	25200	3200	Electrical switchgear

The reason for the greenhouse effect, one of the most important effects causing global warming, is as follows. Gas molecules consisting of more than two atoms can absorb infrared radiation. Infrared radiation is also known as thermal radiation. This causes the heat to be trapped in the atmosphere by these molecules. CO₂ consists of three atoms, one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.

Although these greenhouse gases together make up less than 0.1 percent of our atmosphere, they act like an invisible insulating layer or the glass panes of a greenhouse, preventing heat from escaping into space. The right balance is crucial here. Too much heat is just as harmful as too little.
The proportion of greenhouse gases has always fluctuated throughout Earth's history, but it has increased dramatically in recent decades, particularly due to the burning of fossil fuels. Natural fluctuations in this proportion, on the other hand, either occurred very slowly, allowing life to adapt, or resulted in mass extinctions.

Here you can convert metric units into customary and imperial units.

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