Ideal Gas Law

A calculator for the volume of ideal gases (ideal gas law or general gas equation). Please insert three values, the fourth will be calculated. Any of the four values ​​can be left blank.

Example: at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, which is 293.15 Kelvin and normal air pressure, i.e. 1.013 bar, 10 moles of an ideal gas fill a volume of almost 241 liters. It doesn't matter which gas it is.

An ideal gas is a greatly simplified description of real gases. This simplification leads to a much less complicated calculation, but it does not reflect reality completely correct. However, the error is so small for many applications that it is tolerable. The lower the pressure and the higher the temperature, i.e. the fewer particles there are in the same volume, the more a real gas corresponds to an ideal gas.
Avogadro's law states that two equal volumes that have the same temperature and are under the same pressure contain the same number of gas particles. This rule was discovered in 1811 by Amedeo Avogadro, it only applies to gases, not to other states of matter.
So a certain number of particles in an ideal gas always takes up the same volume at the same pressure and temperature, regardless of the atomic or molecular mass of the particles. If a certain volume is filled with hydrogen (H₂) and this volume has a mass of 2, then the same volume, if filled with oxygen (O₂), has a mass of 32. For the very heavy gas platinum hexafluoride (PtF₆, gaseous above 342.25 Kelvin), the mass of this volume would be 309. If the mass changes and the volume remains the same, the density naturally changes in line with the mass.