Calculate Mass, Volume, Pressure, and Temperature of Air
A calculator for the physical properties of air that determine its density, using the ideal gas law. This equation, actually the thermal equation of state for ideal gases, describes the relationship between these quantities in an ideal gas. While an ideal gas is only a simplified model, it applies relatively well to air and other gases. This equation is V=m*Rsp*T/p, where V is the volume in cubic meters, m is the mass in kilograms, Rsp is the specific gas constant for air, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and p is the pressure in Pascals. For simplicity, the temperature is entered here in degrees Celsius and the air pressure in hectopascals (identical to millibars).
Please enter four of the first five values to calculate the missing value. Pressure, temperature, and specific gas constant are already predefined with standard values. Additionally, the density and the amount of substance will be calculated. The formula for the latter is n=p*V/(R*T), where R is the universal gas constant = 8.314472 J/(mol*K).
The calculations are based on the relationships between pressure, temperature, and gas volume. Changes in one of these quantities always affect the others. For example, warming the air with a constant gas volume leads to expansion or a pressure increase if the volume is limited.
The calculated air density is a derived quantity and plays an important role in flow processes and heat transfer. It decreases with increasing temperature and increases with increasing pressure.
The amount of substance allows for a unit-independent description of the existing air volume and establishes the relationship between measurable quantities and the number of gas particles. It is particularly helpful when comparing different states.
The model used delivers reliable results under practical conditions. Minor deviations may occur when humidity, very high pressures, or extreme temperatures are involved.
Physics commonly uses SI units. Here is a calculator to convert lengths, temperature, pressure, speed and other units.
